虚拟语气是高中语法的重难点,用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,与事实相反,通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示.那么我们在初中阶段也应该简单了解一下虚拟语气最基本的用法,从而为高中的学习打好基础。
下表是虚拟语气最重要也是最基础的一个表，以后我们要学到的各种不同情况下的变式都与这张表有联系，同学们务必背熟，牢记在心里，这样我们才能在考试中针对不同条件做出正确的解答，不至于混淆。
1． 表示与现在事实相反时的谓语形式。
从句 主句
过去式 (be和were) would (should、could might)+ 动词原形
例如：If I were in your position, I would call the police immediately.
如果我处在你的位置，我会立即打电话给警察。（事实上他现在并没有处在对方的位置）
2． 表示与过去事实相反的谓语形式。
从句 主句
had + 过去分词 would (should、could might + have +过去分词
例如：If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the early bus.
如果我早点离开，我就能赶上那辆早班车。（事实上他过去并没有能早点离开）
3． 表示与将来事实相反的谓语形式。
从句 主句
动词过去式
should + 动词原形 would (should、could might) + 动词原形
were to + 动词原形
例如：If they came tomorrow, we would tell them about it. teacheray.com
如果他们明天来，我会告诉他们这件事。（事实上他们明天不能来）
If I should have time tomorrow, I would certainly help you.
如果我明天有空，我肯定会帮助你。（事实上他明天没有空）
虚拟语气的倒装：（把if 去掉，主语谓语调换位置即可）
例：Should it rain, the crops would grow better. (与将来的事实相反)
（原句：If it should rain, the crops would grow better.）
如果天下雨的话，庄稼会长得更好。
Were I your father, I would not give you the money.(与现在的事实相反)
（原句：If I were your father, I would not give you the money.）
如果我是你父亲的话，我就不会给你那钱了。
Had I left a little earlier, I would have caught the early bus.(与过去的事实相反)
（原句：If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the early bus.）
如果我早点离开，我就能赶上那辆早班车。
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